UK child-abduction law now covers parental cases in England and Wales. However, the offence carries up to seven years in prison and covers children under 16.
Specifically, the Ministry of Justice says the law targets one situation. First, a parent takes or sends a child abroad with permission. The parent then keeps the child outside the UK without the required consent.
The Crime and Policing Act 2026 created the offence. The regulations took effect on November 6, 2026. 
The UK child-abduction law closes a gap in the old rules. Previously, a parent could take a child abroad legally and later refuse to return the child. As a result, prosecutors could not always use the child-abduction offence.
However, the rule does not ban parents from sending children to Nigeria or elsewhere. For example, families can still arrange visits, schooling or stays with relatives. They must secure the necessary consent and follow the agreed terms.
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The offence may apply if a parent extends the stay, refuses return or ignores a court order. In addition, the required consent usually comes from everyone with parental responsibility. A court can authorise the child’s travel or continued stay.
The seven-year figure sets the maximum sentence. Courts will decide each case on its facts. Prosecutors also need the Director of Public Prosecutions’ consent before they start a case.
Meanwhile, the Ministry of Justice expects most international custody disputes to continue in family and civil courts. It says the new offence will address the most serious cases.
The rule applies to England and Wales. However, it does not create one identical child-custody law across the whole UK.
Finally, parents in a dispute should speak to a family lawyer. They should keep consent, travel dates, return plans and court orders. Parents must document each agreement and seek advice early.
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